White Collar Crime Theories, Laws, and Processes - 785 Words

White Collar Crime Theories, Laws, and Processes Name Tutor Course Title Date Submitted White Collar Crime Theories, Laws, and Processes: The term white collar crime was first introduced by Edwin Sutherland, a criminologist and sociologist, in 1939. The criminologist defined the term as offenses committed by individuals of respectability and high social status while in their different occupations. He also included criminal offenses carried out by corporations and other lawful organizations in the description. The criminologists perspective of white collar crime was fueled by the perception that criminology had wrongly focused on the social and economic factors of crime. Therefore, one of the major theories behind white collar crime is that criminal activities are carried out at all levels in the society and by people of broadly divergent socio-economic backgrounds. However, the definition of white collar crime by this criminologist has become relatively obsolete for many students of criminal law. This is largely because the activities are not only conduct ed by people of high social status but also those from divergent backgrounds. The other theory behind this type of criminal activities is that deception is used as the means for conducting the activities. For the purposes of legal theory, white collar crime appears to be better approached as a family resemblance instead of type category (Green, 2005). This is mainly because this type of crime primarily refers toShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Issues In Criminal Justice1009 Words   |  5 Pagesconsciousness evoking the notion of progress and continuity with new ideas in the field of administration of justice is truly a remarkable phenomenon (Taylor, 2013). Overtime numerous theories have been posited regarding the causes of crime and deterring criminal behavior. However, little attention has been given to the law enforcement of social policy and government regulation. Meier (19877) suggests that one path toward addressing justice issues would be to strive for more adequate researc h; that isRead MoreEssay Deviance is Relative1566 Words   |  7 Pagescaused intrigued sociologists to have debates in order to come to a conclusion. Because there is no absolute standard application towards deviating behavior, we can only gain knowledge through practical implications, main ideas, and concepts processes. Practical Implications of â€Å"Deviance is Relative† There is no absolute way of defining deviating acts. Deviance can only be defined in a relation to certain norms, but no standards are permanent. Norms can involve being within stereotypical viewpointsRead MoreThe Nature And Organization Of Corporate Environmental Crime961 Words   |  4 Pagesthe nature and organisation of corporate environmental crime. Part II explores the offenders of corporate environmental crime. Part III determines the risk factors for corporate offending. Finally, Part IV analyses environmental regulations. I. NATURE AND ORGANISATION Corporate environmental crime constitutes an important part of white-collar crime. The notion ‘white collar crime’ was introduced by Edwin Sutherland and refers to a crime ‘committed by a person of respectability and high socialRead MoreCrime and Deviance1123 Words   |  5 Pagesexplanations of Crime and Deviance Labelling theory paved the way in understanding how deviance was something defined by social processes. In this way social agencies such as the police defined what was deviant. Marxists took this view even further by examining the power of certain social groups to define deviance and create the laws which secured social conformity. Marxists see crime and deviance as not coming from moral or biological defects but defects within social order. Crime is an inevitableRead MoreCrime and Punishment Essay1717 Words   |  7 PagesCrime at its simplest is an act prohibited by law upon pain of punishment (Hall-Williams 1964). Theorists such as McCabe (1983:49) stated that no word in legal and criminological terms could define the word crime for the varying content in which an act is categorised. Due to the broad spectrum surrounding crime, differing understandings about human subjects and premises lead to the development of several theories, assumptions and forms of criminal law. Michael and Adler (1933:2) are often citedRead MoreThe Impact Of Law On White Collar Criminals Essay1821 Words   |  8 PagesThe use of theories in explaining the various phenomena in society has always found sufficient backing not only in history but also in contemporary global affairs. Notably, both positivists and constructivist theories play a role in depicting variants in societal behavior. There are many deviant acts that are considered criminal or non-criminal behavior. White- collar crimes are considered a form of deviant behavior. These crimes rank among the various forms of crime existing within the context ofRead MoreCrime And The Justice System836 Words   |  4 Pagesby Henri-Frederic Amiel, â€Å"Before crime is committed conscience must be corrupted, and every bad man who succeeds in reaching a high point of wickedness begins with this.† (NotableQuotes, n.d.) All human beings are born innocent; they are not born into this world to automatic be programmed to b ecome bad. Criminal acts start happening when a person is exposed in that kind of environment, may it be due to religion, culture, and most especially the media. Talks of crime and the justice system are endlessRead MoreRole of Criminology in Determining the Emerging Patterns of Corporate Crime3821 Words   |  15 PagesHow Criminology has sought to explain Corporate Crime? Abstract Throughout the past years, there has been a growing propensity in criminology to explain emerging patterns of corporate crime within the United States by referring solely to different things like dysfunctional families or dysfunctional persons. Other criminologists have really interrogated these latter methods as separating individuals and crime from the social organizations that cover them. This paper will discuss how criminologyRead MoreSimilarities and Differences in Sociological Theories of Crime890 Words   |  4 PagesSimilarities and Differences in Sociological Theories of Crime Walden University Similarities and Differences in Sociological Theories of Crime Sociological theories of crime contain a great deal of useful information in the understanding of criminal behavior. Sociological theories are very useful in the study of criminal behavior because unlike psychological and biological theories they are mostly macro level theories which attempt to explain rates of crime for a group or an area rather than explainingRead MoreCRJ 110 Final Exam3676 Words   |  15 Pagespsychological. 2. What is the definition of crime that the authors of your textbook have chosen to use? A) Crime is human conduct in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction that has the power to make such laws. 3. What is the difference between crime and deviance? A) Crime violates a law and deviance violates social norms. 4. What is the legalistic approach to the study of crime? A) The legalistic approach to crime yields the moral high ground to powerful

Biography of Augusta Savage, Sculptor and Educator

Augusta Savage, an African American sculptor, struggled to succeed as a sculptor despite barriers of race and sex. She is known for her sculptures of  W.E.B. DuBois,  Frederick Douglass,  Marcus Garvey; Gamin, and others. She is considered part of the  Harlem Renaissance arts and culture revival. Early Life Augusta Christine Fells Savage  lived from February 29, 1892, to March 26, 1962. She was born Augusta Fells in Green Cove Springs, Florida to Edward Fells and Cornelia (Murphy) Fells. She was the seventh of fourteen children. As a young child, she made figures out of clay, despite religious objections of her father, a Methodist minister. When she began school in West Palm Beach, a teacher responded to her clear talent by engaging her in teaching classes in clay modeling. At college, she earned money selling animal figures at a county fair. Marriages She married John T. Moore in 1907, and their daughter, Irene Connie Moore, was born the next year, shortly before John died.  She married James Savage in 1915, keeping his name even after their 1920s divorce and her remarriage to Robert L. Poston in 1923 (Poston died in 1924). Sculpting Career In 1919 she won an award for her booth at the county fair in Palm Beach. The fairs superintendent encouraged her to go to New York to study art, and she was able to enroll at Cooper Union, a college without tuition, in 1921. When she lost the caretaking job that covered her other expenses, the school sponsored her. A librarian found out about her financial problems, and arranged for her to sculpt a bust of African American leader, W.E.B. DuBois, for the 135th St. branch of the New York Public Library. Commissions continued, including one for a bust of Marcus Garvey. During the Harlem Renaissance, Augusta Savage enjoyed growing success, though a 1923 rejection for a summer of study in Paris because of her race inspired her to get involved in politics as well as art. In 1925, W.E.B. DuBois helped her get a scholarship to study in Italy, but she was unable to fund her additional expenses. Her piece Gamin brought attention, resulting in a scholarship from the Julius Rosenwald Fund, and this time she was able to raise money from other supporters, and in 1930 and 1931 she studied in Europe. Savage sculpted busts of Frederick Douglass, James Weldon Johnson, W. C. Handy, and others. Succeeding in spite of the Depression, Augusta Savage began to spend more time teaching than sculpting. She became the first director of the Harlem Community Art Center in 1937 and worked with the Works Progress Administration (WPA). She opened a gallery in 1939, and won a commission for the 1939 New York Worlds Fair, basing her sculptures on James Weldon Johnsons Lift Every Voice and Sing. The pieces were destroyed after the Fair, but some photos remain. Education Overview Florida State Normal School (now Florida A M University)Cooper Union (1921-24)with sculptor Hermon MacNeil, ParisAcademie de la Chaumiere, and with Charles Despiau, 1930-31 Retirement Augusta Savage retired to upstate New York and farm life in 1940, where she lived until shortly before her death when she moved back to New York to live with her daughter Irene.​

Throughout A Patriarchal History, Some Bright Women Have

Throughout a patriarchal history, some bright women have been able to push through and make groundbreaking changes for the future. Although many people believe that Venice is a male dominated society in William Shakespeare’s play, The Merchant of Venice, if one reads closely he/she will discover that most of the major decisions, that affected the route of the play, were originally made by women. In her essay, Christine Hoff Kraemer writes, with a feminist approach, about women in this play and their role in power. Two main female characters, Portia: a wealthy and witty daughter bound to her deceased father’s demand of marriage, and Jessica: the Jewish daughter of the main character/ antagonist Shylock, although are originally controlled by†¦show more content†¦Although she is ultimately forced by her late father’s wishes to let him choose the casket that decides her fate in marriage, Morocco chooses the golden casket based on his idea that he deserves an d desires Portia (2.7.39-40). By choosing this casket, he proves that he behaves exactly how Portia predicted, which is that he only thinks conceitedly about the outer appearance of everything in order to impress others. In another case, while the man she truly wanted to marry, Bassanio, took his chance of choosing the correct casket, she psychologically manipulated him into choosing the right casket by ordering one of her servants to sing a song where each bar ended in words, such as bred, nourished, and head (3.2.64-66), that rhymed with lead. Ultimately, she chose who she wanted to marry through loopholes in her father’s dying wish which was something that she would not have been able to do being a woman. Portia does not only have the power of manipulation, she also has the desireable factor of immense wealth. When she uncovered what would happen to Antonio, Bassanio’s best friend, if he did not pay the debt he owed Shylock, she scoffed at the fact that he â€Å"merely† owed Shylock 3,000 ducats. She easily told him to double the price or even triple it to satisfy Shylock’s needs and let Antonio live (3.2.306-307). Although through marriage she gives ownership of her properties and valuables to Bassanio, she still retains the management of herShow MoreRelatedGender, Social, And Social Sciences And Humanities995 Words   |  4 PagesSex is pretty so concrete, for the most part, unless you are born with some rare genetic sex chromosomal disorder. Gender, it, well can be harder to determine. Gender is merely the state of being male or female. Like with the states of water, the state of being male or female, can be manipulated or changed. With each gender comes certa in gender roles. These roles are to help accentuate one s sex to society. Gender roles have been around for centuries. The greatest thing we notice, when it comesRead MoreRelationship Between Emma Woodhouse And George Knightley1089 Words   |  5 Pagesand the expectation of women from certain wealthy families. The Elizabethan era was marked by the rule of Queen Elizabeth I (1558–1603). This era in English history has often been regarded as a golden age of the time. This was due to ideas of national pride, many reforms in areas of society, and the use of theatre alongside William Shakespeare (1564-1616). This society was however set within the confines of patriarchy. Emma is also set within the confines of a patriarchal Elizabethan era societyRead MoreThe And Toxic Marijuan Feminists Always Dominate The World Essay852 Words   |  4 Pages She is systematically shamed into hiding under a rock†. (Brain Quotes). Speaking of genders, men are considered more advantageous than women. Dating back to ancient times, men traditionally were determined more valuable over women based on the physical strengths and the capacity of resistance of outside pressure. However, not reconciled to the situation, women were making great efforts to enhance their positions and fortify their status in the society, which were beneficial for their own developmentsRead MoreEssay about Analysis Gender Equality and Gender Discrimination913 Words   |  4 PagesThe idea of separate sexes has been around since humans began constructing civilizations and has progressively worsened over time. The world has mostly consisted of patriarchal institutions since then, and has opp ressed women in the sense that they are less than men in status and civility. Because of this women are forced to take on specific [often times inferior]roles in society, many of those roles being; taking care of the homestead, child care, and maintaining a kosher dwelling while men assumeRead MoreWomen Of Ancient Greek Mythology Essay1535 Words   |  7 Pagescontroversial topic for numerous religions and cultures throughout history. Women were commonly regarded as the subservient gender, an idea that was no different in Ancient Greece. Throughout Greek mythology, women were considered inferior and troublesome symbols, while men were known for courage, leadership, and strength. While there is no argument of the flagrant sexism that is illustrated in Greek mythology, it can also be claimed that women were given a situated position of freedom, necessity,Read MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper, By Charlotte Perkins Gilman1523 Words   |  7 PagesIn â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, Charlot te Perkins Gilman uses the literary approach in which the reader sees the text as if it were some kind of dream. Like psychoanalysis itself, this critical attempt seeks evidence of unresolved emotions, psychological conflicts, guilt, and ambivalences within â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†. In this particular story, the reader must analyze the language and symbolism of the text to reverse the process of the dream in order to reveal the hidden thoughts/meaning of the storyRead MoreThe Sociological Inequality Of Women, Equality, And Equality1274 Words   |  6 Pagesanswer; we have little idea. So, how can a man be a â€Å"feminist† then? Well, men do face oppression, and yes, men are subject to discrimination under patriarchal ideals, and sociological perspectives. An article published by a National Post journalist pointed out vital imagery that men are subject to, and an insight to the oppression they encounter: â€Å"From anti-rape campaigns that stigmatize all men as po tential rapists, to pedagogical strategies that favour the learning style of girls and women, and theRead MoreJudith Slaying Holofernes1833 Words   |  8 Pagesand Caravaggio had painted Judith. Donatello had sculpted Judith. But she was the first to interpret the story of Judith, in a time when women had few rights, as an allegory for female dominance. In comparison with other contemporary versions, the composition, dramatic style, and emotions of the characters present a violently feminist view that may have stemmed from Gentileschis own experiences. Judith Slaying Holofernes1, by Artemisia Gentileschi, is an oil painting and was completed in 1620Read MoreAn Analysis Of A Of A Mice And Men 1576 Words   |  7 Pagesmarginalized throughout the book. Lennie Small is a strong and kind man who suffers from a mild mental disability. Curley’s wife, is young woman who isn’t given a specific name throughout the book. She is the only woman on her husband s ranch. Because she’s the only woman in the ranch, the only people she has to talk to is her husband, and the ranch workers. In the play A Streetcar Named Desire written by Tennesse Williams, the characters Blanche DuBois and and Stella Kowalski are two women who are marginalizedRead MoreThe Politics Of Rage : How Pussy Riot Is Artistic Dissent2339 Words   |  10 Pageslarger political moment in Russian history as people took to the streets and took to art as a way of voicing their disgust with the corruption in the Duma. Decked out in balaclavas and bright colo rs, these women follow the punk tradition of protest through disruption and outcry against oppression in their lyrics. Some critics of Pussy Riot, such as the Russian Government, may say that their actions are not protest, but rather â€Å"hooliganism† and that their disruptions have no purpose, but Pussy Riot’s lyrics

Link Between Cell Phones and Brain Cancer

Question: Cell phones have become a part of Americans' daily lives, as well as that of other cultures around the globe. Over the past decade, reports that reflect a danger associated with this technology have emerged, although some experts say there is not enough evidence to support these claims. In considering both arguments, assess whether there is causative link between cell phones and brain cancer. Or is it just a coincidence? Answer: Studies over the past had revealed that there is no link between the cell phones and brain cancer (Elwood 2014). This is because brain cancer used to happen earlier when there was fewer or no use of cell phones. Cell phone does not radiate such radiations, which damage the brain cells and form cancer in brain (Kaye 2015). Thus, there is no causative link between cell phones and brain cancer and it is just a coincidence. References Elwood, J. M. (2014). Mobile phones, brain tumors, and the limits of science.Bioelectromagnetics,35(5), 379-383. Kaye, D. H. (2015). Cell Phones, Brain Cancer, and Scientific Outliers in Murray v. Motorola.